Geographically Bali province bordering the province of East Java and Bali Strait in the west, the Bali Sea in the north, the Indian Ocean in the south, as well as the Lombok Strait on the east.
Places frequented besides Denpasar city itself as a center of Ubud art located in Gianyar regency which is a plateau on the island. While Kuta, Sanur, Seminyak and Nusa Dua are some places that a tourist destination, both tourist and beach just a place for tourists to rest.
Tribes are on the island of Bali is divided into two tribes Bali Aga who was a native of Bali, most of them living in the area Trunyan. Then the tribe Bali Mojopahit which is Bali Bali Hindu or a descendant of the royal Mojopahit. Balinese culture can be said to be typical or very original because its people uphold the culture of their ancestors and have not been influenced by other cultures.
Elements of Culture
a. ReligionMost of Bali's population adheres to Hinduism approximately 95% of the total population found in Bali, while 5% of them embraced Islam, Christianity, Catholicism and Confucianism.
The purpose of life from Hindu teachings is to achieve balance and peace of life, both physically and spiritually. Hindus believe in the existence of one God in Trinity concept form, the form of Brahman (the creator), a form of Vishnu (the protector and maintainer), as well as a form of Shiva (the destroyer). Hindus worship places that were encountered in Bali called Pura, Pura highly prevalent in homes Balinese Hindu community in various forms depending on the economic conditions of the society. As for places to worship ancestors called Prop. The scriptures of Hinduism are the Vedas coming from India.
Balinese Hindu community who have died will be held ceremony sanggat Ngaben deemed essential to free the spirits of people who have died from the bonds of earthly toward heaven. Cremation cremation is already so prevalent in Bali. The feast of the people of the Hindu religion is that its implementation in the celebration of Nyepi Saka New Year on the 1st of the month 10 (kedasa), but it is also Galungan, Kuningan, Saras Wati, Tumpek Landep, Tumpek Uduh, and Shiva Ratri. Most of the tourists both domestic and foreign tourists to visit Bali to see or even engage in religious ceremonies during the festival of Hindus in Bali.
b. Social organization
• Marriage
Withdrawal lineages in Balinese society is leading to patrilineal. The caste system which greatly affect the course of a marriage, because a higher caste woman if married to a lower caste man is not justified as it would be an aberration, that would bring shame to the family and drop the prestige entire caste of girls.
Then in some areas of Bali, also enforced customary dowry submission (petuku luh), but is now mainly on the families of those who learned, this culture is no longer enforced.
• Community
There is a unity of life community that includes two sense Bali Desa namely: Indigenous Villages and Countryside Department (administrative). Both are a union territory but indigenous villages associated with any religious or customs, while the village is the unity of the administrative offices. The activities focus on the areas of traditional village customs and religious ceremonies, while the official village centered on administration, governance and development.
• Kinship
Indigenous those who settled in Bali after marriage affects kinship relationships in a society. There are 2 kinds of traditional sedentary, often prevails on Bali that is customary is customary justify virilokal newlyweds settled around the center of the residence of relatives husband, and indigenous customary neolocal which determines the newlyweds lived alone place the new residence. Bali's population, have residents who called Banjar pillars, each of which has a head Banjar as Kelihan. Banjar headed by Klian banjar tasked with all matters in the field of social and religious life, but sometimes banjo also have to solve problems that include issues of indigenous land, and the things that are of public administration.
c. Language
Most Balinese using Balinese and Indonesian language, even the majority of Balinese people are bilingual or trilingual. English is the third language and other foreign languages is a major for the Balinese people are influenced by the needs of the tourism industry. Languages Bali is divided into two, namely, the language which is the language of Bali Aga to pronounce more rugged that is usually used by the Sudra, and the Balinese language is the language pronunciation Mojopahit finer spoken by Brahmans, the Ksatrian and the Vaishya.
d. Art
Bali can not be separated by a variety of art has. Even some of the Balinese people made their living in the arts, such as sculpture, painting, drama and dance and music.
The art of dance culture in Bali are generally divided into three categories, including the guardian or dance that only show in the sacred event, bebali or dance performances are usually for the ceremony and also often on display to welcome visitors who come to Bali and balih- balihan or dance that are for entertainment. One type of dance art in Bali and is very popular for tourists is the Kecak and Barong.
Type of traditional Balinese music actually has in common with traditional music in many other areas in Indonesia. However, there are several characteristics in a play technique and its arrangement in the form of Kecak. Kecak art is imitating the sound of singing that supposedly ape. Traditional musical instruments in Bali is, Gamelan, Jegog, and Genggong.
e. Typical food
So many typical food found in Bali, typically Balinese foods using a variety of spices for cooking, so the flavor of the spice mixture is very pronounced when we tasted the food of the original Bali. Each district in Bali has the typical food of traditional Badung nyamakanan example, there jejeruk chicken, satay chicken, lawar kuwir, and jukut ares. For the Denpasar area itself were encountered betutu, nasi campur Bali and many others.
f. Traditional House Bali
Traditional House Bali is an application of the philosophy of the community of Bali itself. There are three aspects that should be implemented in it, aspects pawongan (human residents of the home), attenuation (location or environment) and parahyangan. They consider the dynamics of life will be achieved when the realization of a harmonious relationship between all three of these aspects. For the construction of a house Bali should include these aspects or the so-called Tri Hita Karana.
In general, buildings or traditional Balinese architecture is always filled with trinkets that serve to garnish, like carving with contrasting colors and natural. In addition as a garnish they also define and interpret certain as an expression of gratitude to the creator, as well as ritual symbols like a statue.
Generally Building Adat Bali separate buildings widened many small pieces in one area united by a fence that surrounds it. Along the development era began to change the building is no longer separated.
Bali has a typical architecture arising from a tradition, beliefs and spiritual activities of the people of Bali itself embodied in various physical forms of existing buildings. Like the house, the temple as a sacred place of Hindus, Banjar or meeting hall and others.
3. Conclusion
Island of Bali is one of the most beautiful islands in the world, located in Indonesia, as well as being a favorite area of domestic and foreign travelers. The people of Bali are very strong guard their customs and upholds the tradition and keep them until now.